Genres:
What is a Genre?
A genre is a style or category of art, literature, and others forms of art. For example in films you have different genres such as, comedy, romance, action, horror. These genre of films depict what the actual film will be about and you can get a sense of the style that would be caused for the specific genre.
Characteristics of Film Noir?
They are predominantly black and white and have a specific lighting set to create a certain mood or feeling. Film noir films are almost always crime films. Shadows are essential to noir, the shadows mirror the mystery and maintain the suspense. The camera angles would also make the audience feel uneasy and unsettled, the camera angles would be from above or the side or deep focus these create suspense and deepen the mystery. The feeling is of pending doom. silhouettes, people coming across from the fog, mist or smoke. In film noir films there are crooked cops, politicians, doctors and authority figures abound in noir films. The light penetrating the darkness. An old fan favourite, shine a light in to the eyes/face of a leering villain or a distressed anti-hero and you have a powerful image.
Examples of Film noir?
Film examples of Film Noir;
- Face/off (1997)
- Collateral (2004)
- Pulp Fiction (1994)
- Blade Runner (1982)
- Taxi Driver (1976)
- Chinatown (1974)
Film Noir contact sheet.
3 Main Film Noir photos.
Film Noir Poster.
Timeline of editing.
Green screen task:
The 180 degree rule:
The 180 Degree Rule states that two characters in a scene should always have the same left/right relationship to each other. If you don't follow the 180 Degree Rule, or break it intentionally, it disrupts the scene and disorients the audience. Some examples of this is if I a car chase was happening in a film the camera angle would have to be placed in a way where if the car goes to the right side of the road in one shot then it comes from the left side in another it will cause the audience and viewers to be confused. Another example of the 180 degree rule is https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=the+180+degree+rule+examples++movies&&view=detail&mid=D407B66012FFA595240AD407B66012FFA595240A&&FORM=VRDGAR
Diegetic and non-diegetic sound:
Diegetic sound is the sound that actually happens in the scene and It hasn't been added or edited such as, dialogue between characters or footsteps. Yet, non-diegetic sound is sound that has been added in post production, its added in case the clip would be silent without post production sound added.
Cuts in editing:
Cut on action.
Jump cuts.
A Jump cut is a film editing style in which two logical order shots of the same subject are taken from camera positions that vary only slightly or nothing at all. This type of edit gives the effect of jumping forwards in time. Jump Cuts are a cut in which you don't use a transition to get from one scene to another, such as fade outs and dissolves.
Example of Jump cuts:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=wH4cNrUB4ss This example is from the film Little Shop of Horror (1986). The use of Jump cuts in this example is to show the passing of time and it uses a dissolve transition between each shot.
J-cut and L-cut.
L-cut.
What L-Cut means is that you are hearing the audio from the previous shot, even though we’ve moved on to another shot. So, the audience is looking at clip B but still hearing audio from clip A. An example of an L-Cut is from David Fincher's fight club where Tyler recites the rules as various characters ready themselves to fight. What is happening here is that the audience is introduced to the voice, and then we are given visual information on the environment where the voice is located. This technique will keep your film or video flowing naturally, while also giving your audience much needed special information.
Examples of videos with L-Cuts:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=dC1yHLp9bWA This is from the fight club the L-Cut happen when the rules are being said we hear the voice before we see who is saying it. www.youtube.com/watch?v=OAH0MoAv2CI&t=490s This is about cuts and transitions in editing, L-Cut start at 7:24-8:01.
J-cut.
A J-Cut is the opposite of an L-Cut. We hear the audio before we see the video. So, the audience is looking at clip A but still hearing audio from clip B. This type of cut is used quite often in all forms of filmmaking and videography, but you can see it quite often in content featuring an interview. Just like with L-Cuts, you can give your audience additional visual information to go along with the dialogue that is being fed to the audience.
Video example of L-Cuts and J-Cuts:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=OAH0MoAv2CI&t=490s J-Cuts start at 8:01 and they finish at 9:04. Another example of a J-Cut is the ending of this clip (3:50 till 4:10) vimeo.com/20789680
Project 2 for shot types and camera movements:
I have done my Shot types and Camera movements already and they are on formalelement.weebly.com/research-and-samples1.html You will just have to scroll down to find them.